# 3-8 Research for Service Analysis

**Specifying Human Factors Activities.** A large project should include a focus on workflow, usability, procedures, equipment, workload/staffing, human error and operational suitability. This can include both material (e.g., equipment) and non-material (e.g., procedures) needs, shortfalls and concepts and inputs needed by stages of the [<span style="color: rgb(53, 152, 219);">Acquisition Management System (AMS)</span>](https://fast.faa.gov/) process. Activities also should include consideration of the requirements for the <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">ONA</span> and [<span style="color: rgb(53, 152, 219);">ISR Checklist (FAA network user only)</span>](https://my.faa.gov/org/linebusiness/ato/safety/isd.html). **Keeping in mind the need to tailor the effort to reflect the nature and magnitude of the project** ([<span style="color: rgb(53, 152, 219);">HF-STD-004A</span>](https://hf.tc.faa.gov/publications/2016-09-human-factors-engineering-requirements/HF-STD-004A.pdf)), possible activities include:

- Ethnographic studies (on site observation/interviews of prospective users)
- Input from operational users and other stakeholders using questionnaires, focus groups, structured interviews and use case reviews
- Task, functional and user analyses, including development of use cases, scenarios and [<span style="color: rgb(53, 152, 219);">Critical Task Analysis Reports</span>](https://hf.tc.faa.gov/publications/2016-09-human-factors-engineering-requirements/HF-STD-004A.pdf) (see p. B-7), considering the broader hardware, software and distributed work context
- HF input to a preliminary CONOPS, with a separate CONOPS for the different user groups (including operations and maintenance) as needed
- Specification of the HF aspects of the ONA and associated set of preliminary functional requirements
- Design of storyboards, user interface mockups and functional prototypes
- Completion of formative evaluations of storyboards, user interface mockups and prototypes, including evaluations of alternative designs and design features using heuristic analyses, cognitive walkthroughs, usability studies and/or Human-In-The Loop studies (HITLs) to evaluate usefulness and usability